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How to become an Astronaut

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Career progression and salary expectations for an Astronaut

Astronaut

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The role of an Astronaut

What does an Astronaut do?

Looking for a job that’s out of this world (and other terrible space puns)? You should become an Astronaut…

Astronauts pilot and operate spacecraft, as well as carrying out any related repairs, research and exploratory work in space.Although they spend most of their time training on earth, space missions will commonly last around 2-3 weeks, with long duration trips lasting up to 6 months.

Specific duties for an Astronaut will depend on your specialism – with Pilot Astronauts taking charge of the vehicle, crew, and flight safety, and Mission Specialists taking responsibility for factors like crew activity planning, objectives, and equipment.

Other duties for an Astronaut may include:

Controlling the spacecraft
Planning and carrying out missions and experiments
Taking photos and collecting samples
Repairing and maintaining spacecraft systems
Cleaning water and oxygen filters
Collecting and disposing of waste
Exercising regularly and assessing physical health
Communicating with earth to report findings

Is a career as an Astronaut right for me?

Firstly, excellent physical health and the correct academic credentials are vital if you want to be an Astronaut.

In fact, most space agencies will require employees to pass several medical tests in order to qualify – whether it’s to check your eyesight, blood pressure, height, or weight. If you tick these boxes, you’ll be required to do years of extensive simulation training to ensure you’re ready for space travel.

And, because of the unique demands that come with the job (e.g. isolation, constant weightlessness, spending extended periods of time with strangers), you’ll also need a high level of mental endurance and an ability to think fast and solve problems.

Essential skills and attributes for an Astronaut may include:

An interest and knowledge of science, maths, and engineering
Excellent communication skills
Flying experience (for Pilot Astronauts/Mission Commanders)
Adaptability
A technical mind
Confidence and bravery

What's it like to be an Astronaut?

"After years of studying and training, I was lucky enough to become a qualified Astronaut – and it’s literally a childhood dream come true. My day-to-day involves a broad range of things – depending on whether I’m deployed for a mission or preparing on earth. Missions can take months to prepare for, and training is intense and ongoing. In space, the role is a combination of exploration, experiments and generally trying to get by in zero gravity. After all, even the simplest things can be complicated in space – even eating and having a shower. And, because the human body isn’t designed to be stuck in weightlessness for long periods of time, regular exercise is essential."

Get qualified as an Astronaut

Competition to become an Astronaut is incredibly strong, and with limited spaces – you’ll really need to stand out to be considered. Most space agencies (including NASA and the ESA) look for candidates with a degree in a relevant subject (e.g. engineering, maths, science), with Pilot Astronauts needing at least 1000 hours flying experience. Mission Specialists will need at least three years’ professional experience, and those with a PhDs will be far more likely to be considered.

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